Ukuvuthela ukubumba yinkqubo yokwenza ityhubhu etyhidiweyo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-parison okanye i-preform) yezinto ze-thermoplastic (i-polymer okanye i-resin) kunye nokubeka i-parison okanye i-preform ngaphakathi kwesikhunta kunye nokunyusa ityhubhu ngomoya oxinekileyo, ukuthatha isimo kwisisu kwaye upholise indawo ngaphambi kokuba ususe ekubumbeni.
Naliphi na ilungu elingenanto le-thermoplastic linokubunjwa.
Iinxalenye azikhawulelwanga kwiibhotile, apho kukho ukuvulwa kube kanye kwaye zihlala zincinci kububanzi okanye ubungakanani kunobungakanani bomzimba uphela. Ezi zezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ekupakisheni abathengi, nangona kunjalo zikhona ezinye iintlobo zesiqhelo seepali ezibunjiweyo, kubandakanya, kodwa kungaphelelanga apho:
- Izikhongozeli ezininzi zeshishini
- Ingca, igadi nezinto zendlu
- Izinto zonyango kunye neenxalenye, iithoyi
- Iimveliso zeshishini lokwakha
- Izithuthi-phantsi kwamalungu e-hood
- Izixhobo zesixhobo
Blow Iinkqubo Ukuvelisa
Zintathu iintlobo eziphambili zokubumba.
- Extrusion ukubetha ukubetha
- Inaliti igalelo yokubumba
- Inaliti ukolula igalelo yokubumba
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwazo yindlela yokwenza iparison; nokuba extrusion okanye ngenaliti xa sisakhula, ubungakanani beparison kunye nendlela yokuhamba phakathi kweparison kunye nokuvunda komngundo; nokuba zimile, zihamba, ziimigca okanye zijikelezayo.
Kwi-Extrusion Blow Molding- (EBM) i-polym iyanyibilika kwaye inyibilikisi eqinileyo inyibilikisiwe ngokufa ukwenza ityhubhu engenanto okanye iparison. Iziqingatha ezibini zesikhunta esipholileyo ziye zivalwe zijikeleze iparison, umoya oxinzelelweyo ungeniswa ngepini okanye ngenaliti, uyifakele kwimilo yokubumba, ngaloo ndlela ivelise indawo engenanto. Emva kokuba iplastiki eshushu sele ipholile ngokwaneleyo, ukungunda kuyavulwa kwaye icandelo lisuswe.
Kwi-EBM zimbini iindlela ezisisiseko zokukhupha, ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokuPhakathi. Ngokuqhubekekayo, iparison ikhutshiwe ngokuqhubekekayo kwaye ukungunda kuya kwaye kude neparison. Ngamaxeshana, iplastiki iqokelelwa yi-extruder kwigumbi, emva koko inyanzelisa ukufa ukuba yenze iparison. Izibumba zihlala zihlala phantsi okanye zijikeleze i-extruder.
Imizekelo yeNkqubo eQhubekekayo ngoomatshini bokuhamba ngokuqhubekayo beShuttle kunye noomatshini beRotary Wheel. Oomatshini bokungena ngaphakathi bangabuyisela kwakhona isikrufu okanye iNtloko yeAccumulator. Izinto ezahlukeneyo ziyaqwalaselwa xa kukhethwa phakathi kweenkqubo kunye nobungakanani okanye iimodeli ezikhoyo.
Imizekelo yamalungu enziwe yinkqubo ye-EBM ibandakanya iimveliso ezininzi ezingenanto, ezinje ngeebhotile, iindawo zeshishini, iithoyi, izithuthi, izinto zombane kunye nokupakishwa kwemizi-mveliso.
Ngokubhekisele kwinkqubo ye-Injection Blow Systems- (IBS), ipolymer yitofu ebunjiweyo kumbindi wangaphakathi kwisisu ukuze yenze ityhubhu engenanto ebizwa ngokuba yipreform. I-preforms ijikeleza kwintonga engundoqo kwi-mold mold okanye i-molds kwisikhululo sokubetha ukuze siphefumlelwe kwaye sipholile. Le nkqubo ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhotile ezincinci, zihlala ziyi-16oz / 500ml okanye ngaphantsi kwiziphumo eziphezulu kakhulu. Inkqubo yohlulwe yangamanyathelo amathathu: inaliti, ukuvuthela kunye nokukhutshwa, konke kwenziwe kumatshini odityanisiweyo. Icandelo liphuma ngemilinganiselo egqityiweyo echanekileyo kwaye liyakwazi ukubamba ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo-ngaphandle kwemathiriyeli eyongezelelweyo kulwakhiwo lusebenza kakuhle.
Imizekelo yamalungu e-IBS ziibhotile zoxubo mayeza, izinto zonyango kunye nezokuthambisa kunye nezinye iiphakheji zemveliso zabathengi.
Inaliti Yolula iBlow Molding- (ISBM) inkqubo ye-Injection Stretch Blow Molding- (ISBM) iyafana nenkqubo ye-IBS echazwe apha ngasentla, kuba i-preform ityunjiwe ngenaliti. Isakhelo sokubumba sithiwe thaca kwisibumbeko esikwimeko ebekiweyo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kokugqibela kobume, ulwakhiwo lwasolulwa ngobude kunye nangobuhle. Iipholima eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo zii-PET kunye ne-PP, ezineempawu ezibonakalayo eziphuculweyo yinxalenye yenkqubo eyoluliweyo. Ukolulwa kunika indawo yokugqibela amandla aphuculweyo kunye neepropathi zomqobo kubunzima obukhaphukhaphu kunye nobungqongqo obungcono bodonga kune-IBS okanye i-EBM-kodwa, ngaphandle kwemida ethile njengezikhongozeli eziphathwayo, njl. ISBM inokwahlulwahlulwa Inyathelo elinye kwaye Amanyathelo amabini inkqubo.
Kwi Inyathelo elinye Inkqubo yomibini yokwenziwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuvuthelwa kwebhotile kwenziwa kumatshini omnye. Oku kunokwenziwa koomatshini bezikhululo ezi-3 okanye ezi-4, (Inaliti, ukuCoca, ukuBetha kunye nokuGxotha). Le nkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene noko zinokuphatha ubuncinci ukuya kwiivolumu ezincinci zeemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobungakanani beebhotile.
Kwi Amanyathelo amabini Inkqubo yeplastikhi ibunjwe kuqala kwi-preform isebenzisa umatshini wokubumba owahlukileyo kumbumba wokubetha. Ezi ziveliswa ngeentamo zeebhotile, kubandakanya imisonto kwindawo evulekileyo yesiphelo esivaliweyo. Ezi preforms zipholile, zigcinwe, kwaye zondliwe kamva kumatshini wokubuyisela kwakhona ubushushu. Kwinkqubo yokuHlaba iBeat yeNyathelo eliBini, ii-preforms ziyafudunyezwa (zihlala zisebenzisa i-infrared heater) ngaphezulu kweqondo labo lobushushu beglasi, emva koko zolulwe kwaye zavuthelwa kusetyenziswa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lomoya ekubumbeni.
Inkqubo yamanyathelo amabini ilungele kakhulu iziqulatho eziphezulu kakhulu, ilitha enye nangaphantsi, ngokusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwentlaka ebonelela ngamandla amakhulu, isithintelo segesi kunye nezinye izinto.